- AA
Air-to-Air
- AAA
Anti Aircraft Artillery
- AAAV
Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle
- AAC
Australian Army Cadets
- AAFC
Australian Air Force Cadets
- AAM
Air-to-Air Missile
- AAV
Amphibious Assault Vehicle
- ABET
Able Seaman Electronics Technician
- ABM
Anti-Ballistic Missile
- ACM
Air Combat Manoeuvring
- ACMI
Air Combat Manoeuvring Instrumentation
- ACMR
Air Combat Manoeuvring Range
- ADATS
Air Defence Anti-Tank System
- ADF
Australian Defence Force
- ADF PSA
Australian Defence Force Pilot Selection Agency
- ADFA
Australian Defence Force Academy
- ADIZ
Air Defence Identification Zone
- AEE
Alternative Education Equivalency
- AEI
Australian Education International
- Aero
Aeronautical
- AEV
Armoured Engineer Vehicle
- AEW
Air Early Warning
- AEW&C
Air Early Warning & Control
- AF
Air Force
- AHS
Australian Hydrographic Service
- AIFV
Armoured Infantry Fighting Vehicle
- ALBM
Air Launched Ballistic Missile
- ALCM
Air Launched Cruise Missile
- AMET
Academy Military Education and Training
- ANC
Australian Navy Cadets
- ANZAC
Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
- AP
Armour Piercing
- APC
Armoured Personnel Carrier
- APU
Auxilliary Power Unit
- Ares
Army Reserve
- ARRV
Armoured Repair and Recovery Vehicle
- ARTAP
Army Reserve Traineeship and Apprenticeship Program
- ARV
Armoured Recovery Vehicle
- ASIO
Australian Security Intelligence Organisation
- ASLAV
Australian Light Armoured Vehicle
- ASM
Air-to-Surface Missile
- ASPJ
Airborne Self-Protection Jammer
- ASRAAM
Advanced Short Range Air-to-Air Missile
- ASTOVL
Advanced Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing
- ASuW
Anti-Surface Warfare
- ASV
Anti-Surface Vessel
- ASW
Anti-Submarine Warfare
- AT
Anti-Tank
- ATBM
Anti-Tactical Ballistic Missile
- ATCO
Air Traffic Control Officer
- ATGW
Anti-Tank Guided Weapon
- ATSC
Applied Skills and Technology Course
- AUSCDTFOUR
Australian Clearance Diving Team Four
- AUW
All Up Weight
- AVLB
Armoured Vehicle Launched Bridge
- Avn Regt
Aviation Regiment
- AWA
Acoustic Warfare Analyst
- IADS
Integrated Air Defence System
- IAS
Indicated Airspeed Shown
- ICCC
Initial Collins Class Course
- IFA
Initial Fitness Assessment
- IFF
Identification Friend or Foe
- IFV
Infantry Fighting Vehicle
- IGE
In Ground Effect
- IIMV
Interim Infantry Mobility Vehicle
- ILS
Initial Operation Capability
- IMPS
Initial Minimum Period of Service
- IO
Independent Observer
- IOC
Initial Officer Training
- IR
InfraRed
- IRAN
Inspect and Repair as Necessary
- IRBM
Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile
- IRCM
InfraRed CounterMeasure
- IRS
Inertial Reference System
- IRST
InfraRed Search and Track
- IT
Information Technology
- ITT
Initial Technical Training
- MACH
Measure of Airspeed (Mach 1 = 1,223 kph/760 mph at sea level
- MAD
Magnetic Anomaly Detector
- MAJ
Major
- MAP
Military Assistance Program
- MBT
Main Battle Tank
- MCDO
Mine Warfare and Clearance Diving Officer
- MCM
Mine Countermeasures
- METOC
Meteorology and Oceanography (METOC) Officer
- MFD
Multi-Function Display
- MG
Machine Gun
- MG
Maritime Geospace (Hydrographic Survey or Meteorology and Oceanography Officer)
- MGO-H
Maritime Geospace Officer - Hydrography
- MHQ
Medical History Questionnaire
- min
Minute(s)
- MLRS
Multiple Launch Rocket System
- mm
Millimetre
- MMT
Mobile METOC Team
- MPA
Maritime Patrol Aircraft
- MPC
Multi-Purpose Carrier
- MR
Maritime Reconnaissance
- MRAV
Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle
- MRBM
Medium Range Ballistic Missile
- MSIP
Multi-Stage Improvement Program
- MT
Maritime Technician
- MTOW
Maximum Take-Off Weight
- R&D
Research and Development
- RAA
Royal Australian Artillery
- RAAC
Royal Australian Armoured Corps
- RAAF
Royal Australian Air Force
- RAAFAR
Royal Australian Air Force Active Reserve
- RAAOC
Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps
- RAAWS
Radar Altimeter and Altitude Warning System
- RAM
Radar Absorbing Material
- RAN
Royal Australian Navy
- RANC
Royal Australian Naval College
- RANSSSS
RAN School of Sea Safety and Survivability
- RAST
Recovery Assist, Secure and Traverse system
- RATO
Rocket-Assisted Take-Off
- RCC
Recognition of Current Competencies
- RCS
Radar Cross-Section
- Recce
Reconnaissance
- RISE
Reliability Improved Selected Equipment
- RMC
Royal Military College
- RMC-A
Royal Military College of Australia
- RMC-D
Royal Military College - Duntroon
- RN
Royal Navy (UK)
- RNAS
Royal Navy Air Service
- RNZAF
Royal New Zealand Air Force
- RO
Recognition Officer
- ROA
Record of Attainment
- ROE
Rules of Engagement
- ROSO
Return of Service Obligation
- RPG
Rocket Propelled Grenade
- RPL
Recognition of Prior Learning
- RPM
Revolutions Per Minute (or Rounds Per Minute if dealing with small arms)
- RPV
Remotely-Piloted Vehicle
- RTO
Registered Training Organisation
- RTS
Recruit Training School
- RWR
Radar Warning Receiver
- SA
Surface-to-Air
- SAA
School of Army Aviation
- SAM
Surface-to-Air Missile
- SAR
Search And Rescue
- SAS
Special Air Service
- SAS-SC
SAS Selection Course
- SEES
Sailor Early Enlistment Scheme
- SENSO
SENSor Operator
- SEP
Systems Enhanced Package
- SFPB
Special Forces Panelling Board
- SGT
Sergeant
- SigInt
SIGnals INTelligence
- SLAR
Side-Looking Airborne Radar
- SLEP
Service Life Extension Program
- SM
Submarines
- SMC
Surface Movement Controller
- SME
Subject Matter Expert
- SMG
SubMachine Gun
- SMNET
Seaman Electronics Technician
- SMSQ
Submarine Sea Qualification
- SNCO
Senior Non-Commissioned Officer
- SOCOM
Special Operations COMmand
- SP
Specialist (when referred in a soldiers rank)
- SP
Self-Propelled
- SPAAG
Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun
- SPG
Self-Propelled Gun
- SSM
Surface-to-Surface Missile
- SSO
Special Service Officer
- SSO FAC
Special Service Officer First Appointment Course
- SST
Single Service Training
- STO
Short Take-Off
- STOL
Short Take-Off and Landing
- STOVL
Short Take-Off and Vertical Landing